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Five Dermatology Myths — What the Evidence Actually Shows
Dermatology is full of myths that spread quickly through social media, advertising, and word of mouth. Many of these myths can lead people to delay effective treatments or use products in ways that harm rather than help their skin. Here we review five of the most common myths, using only peer-reviewed research to separate fact from fiction.
Sep 16, 2025
Dr. Nithin Reddy
Dr. Nithin Reddy is a board-certified dermatologist with Tono Health.
Myth 1: “Mineral sunscreens are inferior to chemical sunscreens”
Reality: Both mineral (zinc oxide, titanium dioxide) and chemical (organic) sunscreens are effective when properly applied. Both sunscreens work by absorbing UV rays and converting them into heat.
A comprehensive review of ultraviolet filters concluded that both mineral and chemical formulations provide strong protection against UV damage when used appropriately [1]. Another review highlighted that modern mineral sunscreens are cosmetically acceptable and remain an attractive option for patients who prefer less skin absorption [2].
Cosmetic drawbacks like the “white cast” of zinc and titanium products are much less of an issue with newer formulations. Ultimately, the best sunscreen is one that you will use consistently. Both types protect against sunburn, skin cancer, and premature aging if applied generously and reapplied as recommended.
Myth 2: “Sunscreens cause cancer or are unsafe to use regularly”
Reality: Evidence overwhelmingly shows that sunscreen reduces the risk of skin cancer and does not increase it.
A systematic review of epidemiological studies found no evidence that sunscreen use causes melanoma or other skin cancers [3]. On the contrary, long-term use reduces both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers [4].
Some concerns have been raised about absorption of chemical filters. A safety review noted that while trace systemic absorption can occur, no human studies have demonstrated harm at typical use levels [5]. Mineral filters like zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are even less absorbed, with studies confirming minimal or no penetration into living skin [6].
The takeaway: sunscreen protects against skin cancer and photoaging, and safety concerns should not discourage daily use.
Myth 3: “If your skin is oily, you don’t need moisturizer”
Reality: Even oily or acne-prone skin benefits from moisturizers. Sebum production does not guarantee that the skin barrier is healthy or hydrated.
Research shows that moisturizers improve barrier function, reduce irritation, and support the effectiveness of acne treatments [7]. In fact, acne therapies such as retinoids and benzoyl peroxide often cause dryness and irritation, which moisturizers can offset, improving adherence.
A study on a niacinamide-containing moisturizer with ingredients similar to what is found on natural skin demonstrated benefits without increasing oiliness or acne flares [8].
The key is choosing lightweight, non-comedogenic formulations such as gel-based or oil-free creams. Far from worsening acne, moisturizers can make treatments more tolerable and skin healthier.
Myth 4: “Natural products are always safer and better for your skin”
Reality: “Natural” does not always mean safe. Many natural ingredients—such as essential oils, herbal extracts, and botanical blends—are actually common triggers of allergic contact dermatitis.
A study on essential oils reported that common ingredients like tea tree oil and lavender oil can cause allergic reactions when applied topically, particularly at higher concentrations [9]. Another review emphasized that essential oils are a growing cause of contact allergies, even though they are widely marketed as safe, “green” alternatives [10].
Recent case reports highlight how “natural” cosmetics can worsen or mimic eczema. Similarly, a broader review of cosmetic allergens concluded that botanicals and natural fragrances are common causes of reactions in sensitive individuals [11].
Natural products can certainly be useful, but they are not automatically safer. Patients with sensitive or eczema-prone skin should be cautious, patch test new products, and prioritize fragrance-free and dermatologist-tested options.
Myth 5: “Chocolate and sugary foods directly cause acne”
Reality: Diet may influence acne severity in some people, but chocolate and sugar are not universal causes.
A classic review concluded that no strong evidence proves chocolate causes acne [12]. A placebo-controlled trial in acne-prone young men suggested that chocolate could increase acneiform lesions, but the sample was small, and findings are not definitive [13].
More recent research suggests that diet plays a supportive role. High glycemic index diets and excessive dairy intake may contribute to acne severity, but they are just one factor among many—including genetics, hormones, sebum production, and inflammation [12].
While cutting back on sugary foods may help some people, diet alone will not “cure” acne. Evidence-based therapies remain the cornerstone of treatment.
Practical Takeaways
Choose sunscreen you will use: Both mineral and chemical filters protect against UV damage and skin cancer. Use SPF 30 or higher daily and reapply outdoors.
Don’t fear sunscreen safety: Research shows sunscreen use reduces, not increases, cancer risk. Concerns about toxicity are not supported by human studies.
Moisturize oily skin: Use a lightweight, non-comedogenic moisturizer to support skin barrier health and help acne treatments work better.
Be cautious with “natural” products: Botanicals and essential oils can cause rashes and allergies. “Natural” does not equal safe.
Diet and acne: High glycemic foods may worsen acne in some people, but diet is only one factor. Evidence-based dermatologic care is essential.
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This article is for informational purposes only. In case of a medical emergency, call 911 or go to the ER.
References
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J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2025 Mar 24:10781552251327596.
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CMAJ. 2020 Dec 14;192(50):E1802–E1808. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.201085.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Jul 1;58(7):888. doi: 10.3390/medicina58070888.
Int J Cosmet Sci. 2020 Feb;42(1):29-35. doi: 10.1111/ics.12576. Epub 2020 Jan 6.
Australas J Dermatol. 2002 Aug;43(3):211-3.
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Dermatol Ther. 2004;17(3):264-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1396-0296.2004.04027.x.
Dermatoendocrinol. 2009 Sep-Oct;1(5):262–267. doi: 10.4161/derm.1.5.10192
J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2014 May;7(5):19–23.
Dr. Nithin Reddy
Dr. Nithin Reddy is a board-certified dermatologist with Tono Health.
About the author
Dr. Nithin Reddy is a board-certified dermatologist with Tono Health. He received his Bachelor of Science in Bioengineering from Cornell University, followed by his medical degree from Tufts University School of Medicine. Dr. Reddy completed his dermatology residency at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx, NY, where he served as a chief resident. With a strong commitment to personalized and compassionate patient care, Dr. Reddy specializes in treating a diverse range of general and complex dermatological conditions as well as skin of color dermatology. Through his expertise and empathetic approach, Dr. Reddy strives to make a meaningful impact on the well-being of his patients, ensuring comprehensive and inclusive dermatologic care for all.
